IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) is an identification system designed for command and control. It enables military and civilian air traffic control interrogation systems to identify aircraft, vehicles or forces as friendly and to determine their bearing and range from the interrogator.
https://www.chelton.com/our-capabilities/antennas/navigation-antennas/identification-friend-or-foe-iff/
https://www.chelton.com/our-capabilities/antennas/navigation-antennas/identification-friend-or-foe-iff/